How war is affecting Ukraine’s environment

Modern warfare is changing ecosystems across Ukraine, according to scientists working near the front lines. Researchers say shelling, mines, drones and damaged infrastructure are affecting wildlife, forests and waterways in areas that include Kherson, Kharkiv, Chornobyl and the Black Sea. Biologist Oleksiy Vasyliuk and other local scientists are studying these impacts in dangerous conditions, including active minefields and bomb shelters used as makeshift labs. They report that endangered species such as Przewalski’s horses, sandy blind molerats and local birds are being forced to adapt, while some animals have been killed or displaced. Experts also warn that the war is disrupting biodiversity in the Black Sea and harming species such as dolphins through pollution, sonar interference and other military activity. Researchers say future restoration work will need to account for these environmental changes if Ukraine is to recover its damaged habitats.